Cross-Sectional Survey on Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors in Post-Pandemic Communities

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered population lifestyle behaviors, potentially increasing non-communicable disease (NCD) risk. This cross-sectional survey examined the prevalence of NCD risk factors in post-pandemic communities across urban and semi-urban areas in Indonesia. A total of 1,000 respondents were assessed using the WHO STEPS instrument. The results showed increases in smoking (30%), processed food consumption (46%), low physical activity (41%), and weight gain (BMI ≥25 in 37%) compared to pre-pandemic levels. Additionally, anxiety symptoms correlated with unhealthy dietary behaviors. These findings underscore the need for integrated public health policies addressing physical and mental health to mitigate NCD risks in the post-pandemic era.